Core Competencies
This chapter raises a rather intriguing question,“What’s in a name?” Once you have read and carefully
studied this chapter you should be able to complete the following tasks which,taken together,answer
this and related questions.
Students should provide thoughtful answers to the following questions on Graham's Blog. Students must then thoughtfully respond to at least 5 answers provided by at least 2 other students.
1. What do the experiences of Winner Lane,Loser Lane,and Temptress tell us about the likely
relationship between a child’s name and his/her prospects for success in life? Are these examples
sufficient for us to draw any definitive conclusions? Why or why not?
2.Explain what Roland G.Fryer was trying to get at when he decided to explore the following
question:is distinctive black culture a cause of the economic disparity between blacks and
whites or merely a reflection of it?
3. Why is the California birth certificate data set so valuable from the economist’s perspective?
In particular,what type of data does it include that would be of interest to economists? Why
are the variables you listed so useful/valuable?
4. What do the California names data tell us about the similarity between the names black parents
and white parents gave their children up until the early 1970s and in the period of time since then?
5. Summarize the degree of uniqueness of names given to black girls and black boys revealed in the
California names data.What do the authors cite as the most likely cause of this phenomenon?
6. Summarize the characteristics of a black parent who is most likely to give his/her child
a distinctively black name.
7. Explain how an “audit study” is used to determine whether having a very “white” name
or a very “black” name matters.
8. Are the results of audit studies regarding the effects of a person’s name on that person’s
prospects for success reliable? If not,why not?
9. According to the analysis of the California names data,does a person with a distinctively black
name have,on average,a worse life outcome than a person with a distinctively white name?
If so,is it the fault of the name? If not,explain what the data are telling us.
10.Is there a discernible pattern in how certain names move through the population over time?
If so,describe it.
11.Is a low-income parent more likely to choose the name of a celebrity or the child of an
upper-income family for his/her own child.Why?
12.According to the California names data,what are many parents trying to signal when they
choose a particular name for their child?
1. Some names end up with a successful future, some can lead to a bad future, then some can be spot on. These examples could lead to some definitive conclusions because these people were all african americans.
ReplyDelete2. He was trying to see if common "black" names, being part of the culture, may be part of african americans being unsuccessful in life.
3. The data is a list of the "blackest and whitest" names. They may be valuable to economists because they could see who, based on those names, could strengthen that economist's economy.
4. More names common amongst those certain communities were given to the kids.
5. The name depends on your race. It started when an Indian-born Sikh chose a jewish name, immigrated to New York as a cab driver, and was shot and killed.
6. An unmarried, low-income under-educated, teenage mom from a "black" neighborhood who has a distinctively "black" name herself.
7. A person with a "black" name and a "white" name are interviewed for a job. If the interviewer is racist, he won't choose the african american because he or she has a "black" name. If the interviewer unintelligently interviews an african american with a white sounding, he will choose him due to his "white" name.
8. Yes, because the interviewers may judge a person not only by race, but by name.
9. It's not because of the name. It depends on the backgrounds
10. Over time, a "racial" name will become more popular in that race's community if its named only named to people of that race.
11. A parent would choose the name of a celebrity so that the child can have a "better life"
12. Parents trying to signal "high life" or popularity when choosing names.
5) Interesting that a person who wasn't Jewish thought that having a name of that origin would protect him. I wonder if it has to do with popularity of that enthicity in the United States or maybe the name was just easier to say than what his real name was?
Delete8) Although true in some cases, it works the other way as well. People with unique names might get a job just for being different.
10) Yes, and it becomes mainstream also for the fact that more generations are familiar with the name.
11) This is not true, most celebrity names don't catch on in middle class society
12) I don't think parents are concerned with popularity as they are with general success in life.
1.) It's not the name alone that determines the future of the person... So I disagree.
Delete12.) Parents aren't trying to signal popularity, it's more of a success thing.
10.) Correct. The more familiar a name gets, the more popular.
11.) I don't see how choosing a celebrity name correlates to having a better life. Really I feel like your name doesn't have anything to do with where you go in life.
8.) All interviewers don't do that..
1) i disagree because its not only your name like Ariana said determines your future there are more things that does.
Delete12) parents are not trying to make popularity when they picking names
10) i totally agree with you on that, i know couple of names at her like that one person got it and then lots of other did
11) i disagree, having a celebrity name does not have any big impact on you
8) this is true and sometimes it can be the other way too, it kind off depends sometimes
1.) i disagree, its the persons personality and self being that determines how he/she will act not your name
Delete7.) i feel thats said how our lives have changed to that if we do not hire african americans then we are being races
10.) I agree the more the names around the more popular it becomes.
11.) I disagree the child will have a good life depending on his point of view not by popular names
12.) i disagree parents pick their names either because it means something to them or just because they like the name
1.) I personally disagree, it’s the human’s personality and characteristics that determines how he/she will act not their name.
Delete7.) It is sad how our lives have changed to that, people hiring million’s over jobs based on the legitimacy of a white or black sounding name.
10.) I agree the more the names around the more popular it becomes, regardless of the race and culture, naming a child makes the total go up.
11.) I disagree the child will have a good life depending on his point of view not by popular names. But I agree that some parents do notice that a celebrity with a somewhat popular name might be easy to name after compared to a unique name that never made it to be a celebrity.
12.) I agree that some parents pick their names either because they believe that it might help in their future but I agree more that most parents choose their child’s name because it means something to them or just because they like the name
1)It tells us that sometimes your name does not determine your life because winner became a loser and loser became a winner, also it tells us that sometimes your name can determine your life like temptress even though that is not what her parents meant to call her. I would say it leads to a conclusion because it tells you that sometimes your name does not determine what you are and sometimes it does.
ReplyDelete2)Roland G.Fryer was trying to see that is the reason why blacks are doing so poor and whites are doing good have to do with their culture, like their names they give their kids.
3) the list is made up of blackest and whitest names over some years and some with their incomes. it may be helpful to the economist because they can look at the list ad see which names will bring them more money.
4)it tells us that they picked common names in their community to give to their kids
5)they give names based on their race to their kids. the authors cited it as Black-white gap for the phenomenon
6)they are not married, their lives was not that great, they are a teenager,live in a black neighborhood, have low income and they have a distinctively black name themselves
7) when a black name and white name go for a job interview, if the interviewer is racist they will not give the job to the black person because of their black name but if the interviewer is unintelligent and he interviews the black person with a white sounding voice the interviewer will pick them because of the white name that person has
8)NO because when you are going to look for a job they should not judge the person on their name but their background, their educations
9)a worse life outcome than a person with a distinctively white name and its is not because of their names, it is on their background
10)over time names like racial names will be popular due to the area or community that person who is given the name leaves in and that kind of name is only given to people of the same race.
11)they will pick a high-income name because in the book it says that a name catches on among high-income, highly educated parents, it starts working its way down the socioeconomic ladder so like a name Amber will start from the high-income and then ten years later go to low-income not the celebrity names.
12) Parents are trying to signal good, high lives for their kids when they choose the names and names that high people have given to their kids.
3)Yes, but it also might show an economist the trends in each type of name and how that might affect social interaction. It's not all about just the money.
Delete6) So does that mean that black names don't change a lot?
8) A 100% agree with this. But I also don't think it's right to hire people just because they happen to be a minority in order to make a company look more 'diverse'. it's all about the quality of work.
11) This is true, but it also says that celebrity names don't catch on at all in regular people's names.
12) This is true, but i think it's interesting how this chapter tries to disprove exactly that thought/theory.
1.) I especially like your answer for this question.. It shows us that a persons name does not directly affect their future :)
Delete12.) By "high lives", I'm guessing you mean success
7.) The interviewer may not be racist, they just may not like "ghetto/black" names. Like i'm not racist, but I'm not a fan of ghetto names. There's no need for them.
6.) I agree for the most part. It's not that their lives weren't that great, it's just that maybe they haven't grown up under the best circumstances. You can still grow up poor and have a good life.
8.) That's correct! It's sad that people get judged by their names.
1. I do agree with your answer to this question, but I also feel like you should have explained more of what it DOES reflect,t he parents themselves.
Delete3. I feel like the data more was meant to show the life style that the child was born into, and how that correlates to their name.
6. I don't remember reading that they were teenagers... Though, it is very possible.
7. The latter half of your answer seems to be correct, but the reason that interviews will generally not call-back an applicant with a black sounding name is because they assume that they are poorly educated, grew up in a low-income family are will, therefore, be undependable.
12. Good answer on this one, high life, in the eyes of modern day society, is the successful life!
1.Based off the stories of Winner and Loser Lane, the type of name a person has doesn’t affect the type of lifestyle they may lead. As mentioned in the story, Loser Lane became a successful policeman while Winner became a criminal. However, one story can’t speak for others similar to it, so we can’t really confirm whether names have a positive or negative effect on people. We can, however, use this story as evidence that names can have the opposite effect.
ReplyDelete2.What Mr. Fryer was trying to see the correlation between white and black names and whether that was a result of culture or education level.
3.Economists may be interested in the data because it lists the names of high and low-income names. This would be useful to draw conclusions from in a study and economist might have, or it may even point out the names that would be more likely to improve the economy with good jobs.
4.The types of names that were given to white and black children have since the 1970’s differentiated a lot more. According to data, it was black children’s names that changed more than the white children’s.
5.Names are usually chosen by race or culture. Black kids have African-inspired names simply for the fact that it’s common in African culture. The same goes for white children.
6.According to the book, black parents who give their children an unusually black name are most likely single, teenage parents who have low-income jobs.
7.The study was where two identical resumes were sent to a corporation. The only differences in the resumes were the names: one was titled with a black-sounding name while the other had the ‘average Joe’ name on it. Results were that the person with the more ‘white’ name got the job.
8.No, not every company chooses a white persons resume over a minority’s. it wouldn’t be fair to say that if a person had a white-sounding name that they would be more successful. There are probably many instances out there where a black person might have better job performance than a white person, or any other race for that matter.
9.According to the data, the causes for black-sounding names are a result of the parent’s background. As said before, the name of a person isn’t ultimately what makes or breaks them.
10.In a certain community, a name might become popular over time because of the frequency that people are named that name as time goes on.
11.Celebrity names aren’t likely to catch on in the average community in general, so neither upper or lower class children are likely to be named after a celebrity.
12.Parents usually try to pick high-class, nice names for their children in order to influence them to have successful lives.
1)it's difficult very to predict how name can influence your life because in this case if the parent didn't name the second child a loser. I think the first child would have lived a successful life.
Delete4) Both white and black names were similar before and now the so far apart.
9) I agree with you that parent background influence the naming of their child.
11) Agree that neither upper or lower class children are likely to be named after a celebrity but if I had to pick one it would be upper class because they are busy making money.
12) Parent want their children to be successful. So look for a name that sounds successful to them.
1) I agree with the inconclusiveness of names.
Delete5) I think you're right with that reason.
8) Agreeing with your thoughts about this, while it does seem to happen often that doesn't mean it always happen.
10) I forgot about the idea that people were influenced by their neighbors!
11) Do you remember exactly why they don't catch on?
1. Good Answer, Aseel, with some great evidence.
Delete4. I agree with your answer, before the '70s the gap was a lot more slim.
5. I don't think they ever mentioned the black sounding to have anything to do with traditional African names, I could be misunderstanding what you are saying...
7. Correct, and the reason being that the more black sounding name seemed more unreliable to the business.
11. Not only that, but the celebrity names are sometimes even outcomes of the name boom themselves.
1) i 100% agree with you, your name does not have a big part on who you will be
Delete9) i agree with your answer and your last sentence is true, your name is just something given to you it does not again play a big role on your future like Winner and Loser
6) also that parent has the distinctively "black" name themselves
11) i agree with you, celebrity names really do not catch on
5) i agree that is true in most cases black name is given to the African American n for white but ounce in a life time its switched.
1.) i agree it dosent affect how you act in the future at all
Delete4.) the both have been alt different from the older years but some names havent changed.
9.) i agree it all really depends on the parents background and feel for the name
10.) I agree in communities names become to get more and more popular
11.) i think that do because people are just like that. Parents want their children to have a nice popular name that everyone has heard of
1. The child would most likely success doing something that was named of him. Like in the book if there was only one boy winner, I think he would have end up living up to his name. Yes, this very sufficient example to draw a definitive conclusion because it’s something that we say happening in our life, in movies, and books.
ReplyDelete2. Roland G. Fryer was trying to get at the dissimilarly of how black parent name their kid and white parent.
3.
The California birth certificate date set so valuable from the economists perspective because the date include each baby’s vital statistics and information about the mother’s level of education, income and, most significantly, her own date of birth.
The variables are useful because economist can use the list to identify a set of children who were born under similar circumstances, then locate them again twenty or thirty years later to see how they turned out.
4. The typical baby girl born in a black neighborhood in 1970 was given a name that was twice as common among blacks as whites. By 1980 she received a name that was twenty times more common among blacks. More than 40 percent of the black girls born in California in a given year receive a name that not one of the roughly 100,000 baby white girls received that year.
5. Nearly 30 percent of the black girls are given a name that is unique among every baby, white and black, born that year in California. The authors cite as the mostly likely cause of this phenomenon was Black Power movement.
6. An unmarried, low-income, undereducated teenage mother from a black neighborhood who has a distinctively black name herself.
7. In a typical audit study, a researcher would send two identical (and fake) résumés, one with a traditionally white name and the other with an immigrant or minority sounding name, to potential employers. The “white” résumés have always gleaned more job interviews.
8. No because it’s does not have all of the data’s.
9. Yes a person with a distinctively black name have, on average, a worse life outcome than a person with a distinctively white name and it’s not the fault of their name.
10. Yes, the relationship between income and names, and given the fact that income and education are strongly correlated, it is not surprising to find a similarly strong linkbetween the parents’ level of education and the name they give their baby.
11. The child of an upper-income family will be more likely to choose the name of a celebrity because they don’t have time to think about their child name and it’s would easy to get from the celebrities.
12. Many parents are trying to signal the sound of success when they choose a particular name for their child.
1. That example of actually an example given to show that names don't really say what you will do or will be in your life.
Delete3.IT also included data such as the parents marital status during the time of the birth.
4. I like how you used a lot of data from the book, that's a really nice and thorough answer.
6. I agree with this answer, you gave many characteristics a parent might have.
12. When parents give a name they are setting a goal for their child, weather it be to live up to the characteristics of a relative or to live up to a name such as "Winner."
1. The way Winner became a criminal and Loser became a sucsesful officer shows that names really don't affect someone's life. However, it isn't enough to make a definitive conclusion, because this is but one example.
ReplyDelete2. Roland was trying to get to the fact that the culture of black people was just a reflection of the economic issues.
3.The california birth certificate data had data on not only the childs info, but their parents info, and their parents parents info. The economists particually value the fact that the data tracks the childs parents life, so that a bigger picture can be made.
4. In the 1970s rich people gave names that became the poorer income names in the 21st century.
5. The names black people get are so unique that few to no white people recive those names. the reason in the book is that the black culture is trying not to act like the white culture, so the have names that are different, so they don't ''act white.''
6. Usually a poorer black parent who has a unique name themselves give a unique name to their child.
7. Two identical jop applications (both fake) are sent to an employer. The employer then picks who they want to employ, and the results are recorded. The results are then recorded.
8. The results are reliable if done enough times. Although several trails have to be conducted, if a pattern appears, its worth somthing.
9. Yes, people with a unique black name usually don't do as well in life as a white name. Its not the fault of the name, its just that people who have black names are born in environments that hamper their sucsess.
10. Yes, their is. Names start at the top of the list, with rich people deciding to name them. Eventually, the name drop tiers until it fades out and is possibly reserected. So es, there is a pattern.
11. So far, lower-income people choose more celebrity names, but its not because of the celebrity themselves, its just that tehy don't have rich people names to pick. Most celebritys dont have rich names.
12. When a parent picks their childs name, they may be trying to shape that childs life. Although its not always the case, the name may be picked to try to get the child to fit in the environment they are currently in.
1. I completely agree that one example is not sufficient.
Delete2. I agree, but what did his data show?
7. Good explanation, but what were the results?
9. I agree that the backgrounds affect the future not the names.
11. I don't think that is the case, but I think that the celebrity names has to do with the hope of a good outcome fore the child.
1.) Loser Lane became a pillar in the community as a police sergeant while Winner Lane became a criminal. This shows that they didn't "live up to their name." While Temptress did live up to her name. In the case of these three people we can't draw definitive conclusions.
ReplyDelete2.)Roland G. Fryer was trying to find if a stereotypical black culture and the difference between that and the stereotypical white culture and economic status of those people during their life.
3.)Birth certificates show the name of not only the baby but the parents. It also shows the zip code which generally shows the economic status of the family. This can show a connection between the naming of children and the neighborhoods they are living in.
4.)The uniqueness after the 1970s increased among black families and the names used in high economic status families white and black moved down the economic ladder.
5.) After the 1970s the black-white gap grew possibly because of the Afro-American moment that had just occurred bringing more unique names among black families.
6.) According to the book, the California data showed that the black parents of low economic status will give their children more unique names.
7.) Bias views of how a name sounds may determine and discernment how a person is treated without even seeing their face.
8.) It is not reliable to base a person's success just on their name. It becomes a huge bias that has been disproven outrightly by many examples including "Loser" from earlier in the chapter.
9.) The name has almost nothing to with the outcome of a person's life. If anything it is based on the poor environment that he or she is raised in that zip code data can explain. Names however can bring a bias among other people but that has nothing to do with the outcome of a person's whole life.
10.) More common names used among high economic families in past have been most common among low economic families today.
11.) No, celebrities have had almost no stating in the naming of any children high or low income.
12.) According to the data, "smart" sounding names are the goal of the parents.
1. I agree that the names do effect the future of the child.
Delete4. The black names were more unique but also the white names were more popular names.
5. I agree but also the black people wanted to show that they were different from the whites.
6. It was black parents with low economical status but more specifically single women.
8. I agree but how would you relate that to the two resumes?
1. I disagree, I don't think that the name a child is given will affect their success in life.
Delete4. The black people started to name their children more unique and white people started the bandwagon thing and named their child names that other people were naming their children.
5. I agree, but i think black people wanted to show that they are special in their own way.
6. It was more about single parents.
8. This cannot be related to the two resumes.
1. I agree, they show these 2 examples so that they conflict with each other to show how names don't really matter in determining a persons success.
Delete3. It also is able to show much more, such as the parents age and marital status during the birth.
4. Yes, names that where once high class names slowly moved down in popularity in the higher classes as the lower classes began to use them.
6. As well as young mothers who where of lower class.
12. The smart sounding names might be chosen more because the parents are setting a "goal" of sorts for their children in hoping that they become that when they grow up.
1. I agree that the names do affect the future of the child but not as much as they are perceiving in every case.
Delete4. I agree, the “black” names were more unique to non-black society but on the other hand the white names were more popular names.
5. I agree but also the black people wanted to show that they were different from the whites.
6. It was black parents with low economical status but more specifically single women. The cycle seemed to continue after the first one ended.
12. I agree that some parents pick their names either because they believe that it might help in their future but I agree more that most parents choose their child’s name because it means something to them or just because they like the name
1. I believe that the name does not effect the child's future. In the book we were given a radical example that is not necessarily true in real life. No one would actually name their children such outrageous names. Its silly to think that naming your child weird names would have an effect on their future.
ReplyDelete2. Fryer wanted to see how the effects of black and white culture led to the success of the children.
3. The California birth certificate data showed the most popular white and black names and their income. From this data, economists can determine which names result in better income.
4. The names that were given were more popular.
5. The names depended on the culture, and the black culture had more unique names than the white culture to show that they were different.
6. A black mother with a low income and a low education level with a unique name is most likely to give her child a unique name.
7. A company was given two identical resumes with one having a distinctly black name on it and the other had a common white name. The result of the study was that the company chose the white name for the job over the black name.
8. The result are not necessarily true. In that study the two resumes were identical. It is much more likely that a company would choose a more qualified person with a black name than a less qualified person with a white name.
9. People with black names do not usually do as well as those with white names, but it is not the name that determines the outcome but rather its is the background that determines the outcome. It just so happens that people from black backgrounds are less successful than those from white backgrounds.
10. The popularity of names grows over time as more people start to name their children those names and they grow more popular.
11. People with low incomes are more likely to choose celebrity names so that their children would become popular.
12. A parent usually chooses a name for their child that will give the impression of a successful person.
1. I agree, i dont think a child's name will affect their success in life, but rather the situation they grow up in.
Delete4. Also, the black names were more unique than the white names.
5. Black people just wanted to show that they were different from whites by choosing more exotic names, i agree with you.
6. I don't think the mother who has a unique name is any more likely to give their child a unique than any black woman with a low income.
9. I agree, it all depends on the situation the person is in, not their name.
1) naming can have an effect, naming can sometimes hint where one grew up and possible faults in them because of it.
Delete5) i dont think it is the culture i think it is the area where the child is born and influence it has on the parents.
6) she is more likely because she probably was born and grew up in an area where that was common and it affected her and had an influence on her to do the same.
7) Names could possibly be suggesting a lot especially since sometimes people lie on their resumes
10) i thought popularity moved down the socioeconomic ladder and started out with rich then moved down to the bigger and less prosperous classes
1. I dont think what name you give your kid will affect how well he/she does in life. The kid may be frustrated that it is not the name that he/she wanted, but it doesn't affect how well the kid will do in life.
ReplyDelete2. Fryer wanted to see how a stereotypical black culture and a stereotypical white culture affected the success of a child.
3. The birth certificate told the kids name, their income, and other vital information. From this, economists could compare how well a child with a popular name did compared to a child with a different name.
4. They gave their children more popular names.
5. Black people started using more unique names to name their child; whereas white people used more commonly known names. For example a black child may be name "Shaquille" where a white child may be named "Chad" or "John".
6. A black mom with low income and very little education will be more likely to give their kid a unique name.
7. Two companies were given the same resume's but one company had a common white name and the other a unique black name. The results were that the company with the white name was chosen.
8. That study was not a reliable one other than the fact that people choose white names over black names. In real life people wouldnt have the exact same resume, so in that case the business would probably hire the more skilled person.
9. People with white names usually do better than people with black names. Although the name doesn't affect the child's success black people with unique names usually come from low income families, so they really aren't give a chance in life.
10. The popularity of names is a never-ending fluctuation of names being popular then not. If more people start naming their kid "Chad" than people who name their kids "John", "Chad" will be the more popular name.
11. People with low incomes with hope that their child can become famous.
12. They are trying to signal how successful their child will be, but it doesnt always work.
1. All of the different people's experiences and between their names and their success are varied. Winner and Loser both lived different lives, contrary to what their names are, while Temptress actually became what her name was.These examples cannot draw definitive conclusions, though, because they all vary- while Temptress became what her name was, Winner and Loser grew up to become opposite of their own.
ReplyDelete2. Mr. Fryer was trying to see the correlation between white and black names and whether that was a result of culture or education level.
3. The data set was valuable because it also listed information of the mother's socioeconomic status along with the child's name.
4. The variation of names that were given to white and black children have since the 1970’s differentiated a lot more. Black children's names have become more exotic than white children's names.
5. Black girls and boys names were revealed to have a large degree of uniqueness, where there are a large variation of ethnic names as well as different spellings for names. The authors cite the most likely reason the Black Power Movement.
6. The characteristics of a black parent likely to give their child a 'black' name is a person in a low social and economic class, with little to no education.
7. In the audit study, a researcher would send two identical resumes, one with a white name and the other with an black-sounding name, to potential employers. The “white” resumes would get more job interviews. This shows having a white name matters in better chances for a job.
8. The results can't be reliable because not every business does this, and it could be a coincidence.
9. According to the names data, a person with a distinctively black name does, on average, have a worse life outcome than a person with a white name. It isn't the fault of the name, but a trend among those people in the same economic class.
10. There is a discernible pattern- names that are popular among the high-class will steadily move down the list and onto the list of popular names among the lower-class over decades.
11.A low-income parent is more likely to choose the name of a celebrity compared to a higher-class family as they want their child to be successful like that star.
12.Parents are trying to name their child names that will show them to be smart of successful in hopes that they will grow up to be smart and/or successful.
1. The children sometimes “live out their names” and the reputation associated with that name, or the opposite can happen. This is not sufficient to draw conclusions because it cant be said whether it’s the child’s name or parents life being reflected in the life and name of the person.
ReplyDelete2. Fryer is trying to figure out “where the blacks went wrong.” He is trying to figure out if the distinctive black culture is a reason, indicator, or unrelated to his studies.
3. The California birth certificate data set shows valuable economics information. For example, the zip code shows the economic status of the location of the house, the means of paying the hospital bill is an indicator of economic status, and the education is also an indicator of economic status.
4. There was a lot of overlap with the black and white names at first, then around 1970s, the names began to differ. The black names became much more exotic than the white names.
5. There was a large degree of uniqueness. 40% of black girls in California receive a name that not 1 out of 100,000 white girls got per year. The reason was the black power movement.
6. The characteristics are unmarried, low income, undereducated, teen, from a black neighborhood, and with a unique name.
7. The “audit study” was when 2 identical resumes were given with a white name and black name. it showed that it mattered because the white name was offered more job interviews than the black names.
8. They are unreliable because resumes are typically lied about in the first place, and the research does not explain WHY the white names are chosen better.
9. Yes, a person with a “black name” has a worse life outcome than the kid with the “white name.” it is not because of the name though, that is just an indicator, like children’s books, showing that the type of people with the “black names” were likely to turn out with a worse life anyways – due to other factors.
10. Once a name is popular among high-income families, it climbs down the socioeconomic ladder. Once the name is too popular, it is abandoned until its future comeback.
11. More likely to choose from a upper-income family because they look to “successful sounding names.” Also, celebrities actually have a weak link to popular names.
12. They are trying to signal their own expectations of how successful their children will be.
3) The zipcode could also show possible future education if schools in the area do not perform well.
Delete5) i Think different cultures and areas tend to be a pert of this too. African americans tend to live in more rundown neighborhoods and thats where most of the "unique" names occur
7) The name difference shows that it possibly matters where you grow up. The "black" name is usually aseessed with coming from a bad neighborhood with a poor education
8) i like how you state that resumes are lied about i hadnt seen that factored in an answer yet.
9) I like how you say its an indicator and once again the names usually come from differetntypes of areas too.
1. A name does not completely determine someone’s success, but a parent’s thought process (or lack thereof) can. In the case of Winner and Loser, their futures were the opposites of their names: Winner has been arrested multiple times, and Loser is a police sergeant. In a way, their dad thought through the naming process for Loser, knowing that he was going to name him that ironically, as a follow-up to Winner. This could be why Loser succeeded, and Temptress, and Amcher didn’t. Winner, Temptress, and Amcher’s names were not thought through, and were last minute decisions made by the parents. This could be a reflection on their parenting styles: ignorant and uninvolved. I don’t think that conclusions on parenting styles can be drawn for Winner and Loser, because while Winner’s name was spontaneous, and Loser’s name was thought through (sort of), they had the same parents, but had different life problems and successes.
ReplyDelete2. Fryer was trying to determine whether or not black culture, which is overwhelmingly different from white culture, is causing the huge economic gap between the two racial groups, or if it is an effect of the gap. He was trying to find either side of the cause/effect relationship between black culture and black economics.
3. The California birth certificate data set contains information that can connect the economic status, family status, health status, and educational status of a baby or a baby’s family to their race. The information available in the data set includes zip code, birth weight, ability to pay hospital bill, educational status of parents, marital status of parents, race, and name. The zip code and ability to pay hospital bill (and possibly the birth weight) are valuable in determining economic status.
4. Up until the 1970s, a name given to a black child was two times as common in black communities than in white communities. By the 1980s, this number rose to 20 times as common.
5. The gap between black boy and white boy names are similar to that of black girl and white girl names, however not as extreme. The authors believe that this is because parents of all races are less adventurous with boys names. (which makes sense; a girl is probably less likely to be bullied for having a unique and extreme name)
6. The characteristics of a black parent who is likely to do this are, according to Fryer, an unmarried, low-income, undereducated, and teen (or young) mother from a black neighborhood. The mother is also likely to have a distinctively black name also. Fryer also believes that giving your child a black name when you live in a black neighborhood is simply a compliance with the community; it’s simply “acting black”.
1) I wholeheartedly agree with your long explanation.
Delete2) Good job listing everything and telling why.
4) What does that statistic tell us, then?
5) I didn't think about a reason why parents would choose safer boys' names- good idea.
6) Good job listing all of the characteristics, and giving that reasoning.
7. The audit study sends a set of 2 job applications to different businesses. The applications are identical, except for one is listed under a stereotypically white name (or a very mainstream name), and the other is under a stereotypically black name (or a very ethnic name). By observing which application and which person is chosen for the job, the researchers can predict whether or not having a “white” or “black” name matters. For example, if the “white name” is chosen, the researcher can wonder if the person was chosen based on assumptions the business made about the person based on their name, or the other candidates name. Maybe the interviewer thought that the candidate with the “black name” came from a poor background, simply because of their name.
ReplyDelete8. The results form the audit studies aren’t that reliable. There is no way of knowing the interviewer’s thought process: whether he/she was simply racist, or whether they made huge assumptions about the candidate based on their name (like socioeconomic status). The audit study also can’t say what occurred during the interviews.
9. According to the analysis, yes, a person with a distinctively black name has on average a worse life outcome than a person with a white name. However, this is not because of the name. The name is an indicator – it can help predict this outcome, but a name cannot cause a person to have a better or worse life. Kids given typically black names tend to come worse economic backgrounds, while kids given white names tend to come from better economic backgrounds. This does not mean that if a black kid is named Connor will do better in life than another black kid named Tyrone, especially when they come from the same neighborhood or family. However, being named Connor could indicate that the kid comes from a better economic background.
10. A pattern pointed out by the authors was how a name works through the socioeconomic ladder. It starts at the top, and for every child given a “high-class” name in a higher-income family, a few more are given that name a few years later in the lower income families. Also, as lower-income families start to name their kids with “higher-class” names, the high-income families drop the “higher-class” names, and move on to what they believe are even higher-class.
11. Neither income group are more likely to name their kids after celebrities than the other. While it would seem that celebrities should have a huge effect on baby names (such as the swarm of Jacobs, Bellas, and Edwards that populated the country during the peak of Twilight), as far as economic status goes, there is really no pattern. In fact, celebrity names usually are a part of naming epidemics, and don’t cause them.
12. The California names data suggests a parent’s expectations for their child. Whether they want their child to succeed, or even what they think their child will grow up to be. (It’s an attempt to help their kid, however, it makes absolutely no difference).
1. The experiences of Winner and Loser show us that names don’t always determine how a child will do in life. Temptress’ situation shows us that maybe her mom wasn’t very educated, which caused her get into trouble in her life. The article stated that parents that give out “black” names like that aren’t really good parents either because they can’t even choose an appropriate name for their children. They’re usually low class low income people. I do NOT feel like these answers are sufficient enough to draw conclusions. These are only two examples and the winner/loser example disproves the idea that names determine the child’s life.
ReplyDelete2. I think that Roland Fryer is trying to explore why black people are underachieving compared to white people. He also was looking at what their names do for them.
3. The California birth certificate data set is so valuable from the economists perspective because it shows the marital status, zip code, and means for paying hospital bills (the parents).
4. Up until the 1970s, there was an overlap of black and white names. After that period of time, the names started to differ by a lot.
5. The names of the black children are very unique. More than 40 percent of the black girls born in California in a given year receive a name that not one of around 100,000 white girls received that year.
6. The characteristics of a black parent who is most likely to give their child a distinctive name are unmarried, low income, young, parents that may have a unique name themselves.
7. In an audit study, a researcher would send out two identical (fake) resumes. One with a white name and one with a minority name. The white names usually get more call backs
8. These results can’t be reliable because every company doesn’t do this. Everyone doesn’t discriminate. Maybe the white person had a criminal record, and the minority name has a clean slate. You never know.
9. According to the data, a kid with a distinctively black name does worse than the white kid. But usually it’s not because of the name directly that the black kid does worse. It’s other things that happen in life that factor into it.
10. Names that are popular among high income families tend to go down in popularity after awhile.
11. They’re more likely to choose celebrity names because they want their children to be successful.
12. Parents are trying to signal success, so they choose names based on that.
1. Just by the name of a person doesn't really mean that they will have a bad future. Just because the name sounds outlandish, you can't conclude the person is dumb, has a poor work ethic, etc.
ReplyDelete2. Fryer was trying to see that if a baby was given a "black" or "white" name would effect the child's outcome in life.
3. The birth certificate can tell a lot about the kids name. It can tell the vital informations like income.
4. The names of the kids were more common.
5. The names in the black community were very unique. The probable cause for this phenomenon was the Black Power Movement and their goal was to make the black community stand out more.
6. unmarried, low-income, undereducated teenage mother from a black neighborhood who has a distinctively black name herself.
7. An employer was given two resumes. One had an distinctive black name and the other had a common white name. It showed that the employer picked to resume with the common white name.
8. The audit is not a reliable source. Just because the name of the person is not what society would accept, it doesn't change the fact that the person could be very talented and experienced.
9. Society tends to accept white names over unique black names. Just because a person has a unique name doesn't mean they will have a unsuccessful life, but it has shown that parents that pick these unique names are uneducated and have low-income.
10. The names are always changing from popular and unpopular. If the name matthew is starting to become used more than the name John, then matthew will be a popular name until people get sick of it. Then the John will be more popular then Matthew.
11. The name of a celebrity because they want their child to become famous.
12. They are trying to signal how successful their child will be.
1. Winner became a “loser” and Loser had a rather successful life. This reveals that the name of someone does not necessarily determine the outcome of one’s life, because if it did, Winner would have had a successful life and Loser would have a poor one.
ReplyDelete2. Roland G. Fryer was trying to deduce weather the poor economic generalization of blacks was due to the way they live or the way they live is due to their economic status.
3. The data on the California birth certificates are so valuable to the economist because they can be used to determine the high and low incomes of the citizens. The names in particular would be the most valuable part of information because depending on the racial classification of the name; one might be able to deduce the economic state of the citizens.
4. Before the 1970s, children were given unique names prone to their community. During and after the 1970s, children, both white and black, were given names more common, but still relative to their communities.
5. The degree of uniqueness given to black boys and girls was low according to the California names data; parents were naming them more derived from their culture and race. The Black Power or Afro American movement caused the decrease in uniqueness.
6. The most likely parent to give their child a distinctively black name is an unmarried, young black girl with a distinctively black name, herself. She is low-income and lives in a low-income community.
7. An audit study would start with sending two identical résumés to the same corporation. The only difference is the names, one having a relatively “white” name and the other having a relatively “black” name. If the interviewer is racist, they will not choose the black name. If the interviewer is unintelligent, they will hire a black person with a seemingly white name.
8. The audit studies regarding the effects of a person’s name on that person’s prospects for success are not reliable because no real company should choose a white name over a black name just based on the names. The real decisions should and are based off of education, skill, and cooperation.
9. Yes, a person with a distinctively black name had a poorer life, but it is not because of their name, the just happened to be born into a low-income family and the outcome is based off their parent’s financial background.
10. There is a discernable pattern in how certain names move through the population over time. Overtime a name becomes more popular because more people use it in their communities. As a name becomes more popular more people use it.
11. A low-income parent is more likely to choose the name of an upper-class child for their child because they believe that will help them be upper class in the future. They probably won’t choose a celebrity’s name because their names are more unique.
12. According to the California names data, parents are trying to signal a high-level life for their children when giving them particular names. Weather upper class or not, all the names will usually hint at a positive future.
1. This example is not enough to go off of the opposite of what was expected happened but other similar situation have had opposite effects.
ReplyDelete2. He was trying to research black underacheivement and found names have something to do with it.
3. California has lots of diversity, the date of birth of the mom and their socioeconomic background it shows the background of these people and how it plays into their success.
4. How the names slowely split apart and how they used to give their kids common instead of unique names.
5. The parents arnt good and dont care enough to give their kid a name they put thought into.
6. Single parent, low education, has black name.
7. It shows the likely hood of being hired or not for a job and how it affects kids as they grow up.
8. No because you never know what could happen to a kid like in the blid side the kid grew up with nothing and look at him now.
9. It is not the fault of the name it is the socionomic background because parents from a lower socionomic background tend to give their kids black names.
10. Yes it tends to start in upper class and move its way down.
11. Upper income family because thaat person is there physically and can impact their life and they want their kid to be like that when they grow up.
12. They are trying to signal how successful their child will be.
1. this is true, but also it shows a correlation between the name and life outcome.
Delete2. His theory was that names had some effect on the black underachievement. he wanted to see if it was a direct cause or indicator.
4. the valuable information was the information provided that showed specific economic related information, not as indirect as the names effect on life.
7. this is not certain because the study is not from a reliable source.
9. the names are just an indicator of the black underachievement after all, not a cause.
1. I guess your general answer is correct but you could be more specific.
Delete2. He didn't Find names have something to do with it, he was trying to see if names had something to do with it (or at least have a correlation).
3. This is a nice answer, maybe try including why a that is good for an economist.
4. Your statement is kind of confusing, it would be better if you rephrased it and made it easy to understand.
5. Your answer is sort of ignorant. They named them common names because hey were supporting the black power movement.
1. Some names end up with a successful future, but some can lead to a bad future Yes, this very sufficient example to draw a definitive conclusion because it’s something that we notice happening in our daily lives.
ReplyDelete2. Roland G. Fryer was trying to see if common "black" names, being part of the culture, might be part of African Americans being not prosperous in life.
3.
The California birth certificate data set is a list of the "blackest and whitest" names, so valuable from the economists perspective because the date include each baby’s vital statistics and information about the mother’s level of education, income and, most significantly, her own date of birth. Used then to locate them again twenty or thirty years later to see how they turned out.
4. More names common amongst those certain communities were given to the kids. For instance, the typical baby girl born in a black neighborhood in 1980 had received a name that was twenty times more common among blacks. More than 40 percent of the black girls born in California in a given year receive a name that not one of the roughly 100,000 baby white girls received that year.
5. Nearly 30 percent of the black girls are given a name that is unique among every baby, white and black, born that year in California. The authors cite, as the mostly likely cause of this phenomenon was Black Power movement.
6. An unmarried, low-income, undereducated teenage mother from a black/bad neighborhood who has a distinctively black name herself.
7. Researchers would send two identical (and fake) résumés, one with a traditional white name and the other with an immigrant or minority sounding name, to potential employers. The “white” résumés have always gleaned more job interviews. But if the interviewer unintelligently interviews an African American with a white sounding, he will choose him due to his "white" name.
8. No because even though there is some data, not all the data is 100% true
9. Yes a person with a distinctively black name have, on average, will have a worse outcome in life than a person with a distinctively white name and it’s not their fault to acquire their name. its based on their background and family history.
10. Yes, the relationship between income and names, often correlate. Meaning the high income will lead away from “black” names because those families will leave the bad neighborhoods and live so called in a “white” neighborhood.
11. The child of an upper-income family will be more likely to choose the name of a celebrity because they saw the outcome of the celebrity and want that outcome for their child
12. Many parents are trying to guide their child toward success with the use of the child’s name.
1. I guess your overall answer was correct, but you could've been more specific and named Winner and Loser, referring to the test study.
Delete2. Your answer is basically spot on, my only suggestion would be to make complete sentences.
3. You might also want to include, in an economist's perspective, that information could be used as an information asymmetry.
4. This answer is very well written but you didn't separate the times on both sides of the 70s.
5. The only thing you could've done better is differentiate between the black boys and black girls.
1.The experiences of winner/looser/temptress tell us that names don’t cause a bad life they just show where/how you grew up or how educated/wealthy your parents are. No, these examples on their own aren’t sufficient enough because it isn’t enough data. You need something like the California birth study thing.
ReplyDelete2.He was trying to see if the difference in names was a result of their culture or parents educational level.
3.It is valuable because you could track where they end up and because it included information such as the mothers level of education, age, and marital status.
4.Before the 70’s black names where very common and weren’t as different as they are now, after the rise of the black power movement names started to become unique or uneeqqe.
5.Many names among black children in California where rare. The authors say that the black power movement is the cause of this.
6.Roughly 11 years of education and lower class.
7.It determines this buy sending the same employer 2 of the exact same resumes just with the name changed one with a distinct black name and one with a white name and it revealed that the white candidates got more interviews than the black.
8.It is only semi-reliable in determining business success. It all depends on the person who looks at the resumes and that persons biases.
9.On average white children with white names did better. It’s not necessarily the name that hurts people its just an affect of your culture.
10.There is very little pattern, it’s a fluctuation a popular rich name will become popular with lower class then it will fall out of fashion.
11.Parents would choose the name of a successful family’s child because by the time the celebrity is popular their name might not be.
12.Parents use a name as a symbol of how successful they believe their child will be.
1. Those examples show that a name can have a negative or positive correlation to the life, but it does not explain why this is caused purely from the the original evidence provided.
Delete2. Fryer was studying the black-white gap in society, and the study of the difference in names was part of the study.
3. The valuable information was the education level of the mother, the means for paying the hospital bill, and the zip code that shows the neighborhood lived in.
8. The possible bias and variable of employer makes it unreliable as well as the fact that roughly 50% of resumes are lied on in the first place, which makes resumes an unreliable source to begin with.
4. "Black names" did not become popular before the 1970s. Black people and white people had similar overlap in names, but then after the black power movement, the blacks names became unique, and the white people kept up the same line of names.
1. I agree with what Liz said, the examples show the correlation but does not explain why the original evidence causes it.
Delete2. The study of the difference between the black and white names was part of Fryer's study.
3. The important information was the zip code that shows what neighborhood they lived in, how the hospital bill was payed, and the education level of the mom.
12 I agree parents use the name as a symbol of how successful they will be, associating it with celebrities and such.
4. "Black names" weren't popular before the 1970s, after the black power movement black people wanted to stand out against white people, names were one way that they did this.
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDelete1. What do the experiences of Winner Lane,Loser Lane,and Temptress tell us about the likely relationship between a child’s name and his/her prospects for success in life? Are these examples sufficient for us to draw any definitive conclusions? Why or why not?
ReplyDeleteI believe that all this says is that these parents had poor logic in naming their kids. Loser Lane could’ve been names Mark, Tyron, Elias or any other name and still could’ve succeeded. Same for goes for how Temptress and Winner were acting, those things happen with plenty of kids with normal names.
I believe it is enough; “normal” names for kids and “unusual” ones are just as likely as the other one to fail or succeed.
2.Explain what Roland G.Fryer was trying to get at when he decided to explore the following question:
Is distinctive black culture a cause of the economic disparity between blacks and whites or merely a reflection of it?
Fryer wanted to find out if the names the children are given have anything to do with the culture and class that they are born in to.
3. Why is the California birth certificate data set so valuable from the economist’s perspective? In particular, what type of data does it include that would be of interest to economists? Why are the variables you listed so useful/valuable?
The birth certificate is valuable because it gives you an insight into what education level, environment and economic class the child is being born into, which can then help Fryer to deduce possible reasons for the baby’s name.
4. What do the California names data tell us about the similarity between the names black parents and white parents gave their children up until the early 1970s and in the period of time since then?
Before the ‘70s and power movements, there wasn’t nearly as much of a gap between the white and black baby names.
5. Summarize the degree of uniqueness of names given to black girls and black boys revealed in the California names data. What do the authors cite as the most likely cause of this phenomenon?
This could be caused by people wanting to stand out and have their power, as shown during movements.
6. Summarize the characteristics of a black parent who is most likely to give his/her child a distinctively black name.
Low-income, low-education and most likely has a distinctively black name as well.
7. Explain how an “audit study” is used to determine whether having a very “white” name
ReplyDeleteor a very “black” name matters.
By sending in two identical résumés with one with a distinctive white name and one with a distinctive black name and seeing which one gets a call-back.
8. Are the results of audit studies regarding the effects of a person’s name on that person’s prospects for success reliable? If not,why not?
These studies have concluded that a person with the name like “DeShawn” give off a negative connotation as if he is automatically from a low-income and undereducated family, therefore immediately assuming that this person is unreliable.
9. According to the analysis of the California names data, does a person with a distinctively black name have, on average, a worse life outcome than a person with a distinctively white name?
If so, is it the fault of the name? If not, explain what the data are telling us.
A boy with a distinctively black name does tend to have a worse life, but that is because of the life situation they were born into, not because of their name.
10.Is there a discernible pattern in how certain names move through the population over time?
If so, describe it.
Yes, names generally start as “high-end” names and work their way down the food chain.
11.Is a low-income parent more likely to choose the name of a celebrity or the child of an upper-income family for his/her own child.Why?
Neither, celebrities are generally merely outcomes of a certain name-boom.
12.According to the California names data, what are many parents trying to signal when they choose a particular name for their child?
Parents want the name of their child to show that they will be successful, or tradition, or unique, or, simply, something trendy.
1. What do the experiences of Winner Lane,Loser Lane,and Temptress tell us about the likely
ReplyDeleterelationship between a child’s name and his/her prospects for success in life? Are these examples
sufficient for us to draw any definitive conclusions? Why or why not?
Your name has no effect on how your life will end up. But it does say something about your parents. If you have a "different" name you probably dont live in a nice area and your parents do not make a lot of money. This is not sufficient because it is a small sample size.
2.Explain what Roland G.Fryer was trying to get at when he decided to explore the following
question:is distinctive black culture a cause of the economic disparity between blacks and
whites or merely a reflection of it?
They were just trying to see if someones name had anything to do with how they would end up.
3. Why is the California birth certificate data set so valuable from the economist’s perspective?
In particular,what type of data does it include that would be of interest to economists? Why
are the variables you listed so useful/valuable?
The California birth certificate has the mothers education level and date of birth and also has the name of the child. They could then find them 20 or 30 years later.
4. What do the California names data tell us about the similarity between the names black parents
and white parents gave their children up until the early 1970s and in the period of time since then?
Before the 70's there was no difference between black and white names, now there is a bigger split.
5. Summarize the degree of uniqueness of names given to black girls and black boys revealed in the
California names data.What do the authors cite as the most likely cause of this phenomenon?
The black power movement caused the black community to stand out more.
6. Summarize the characteristics of a black parent who is most likely to give his/her child
a distinctively black name.
low income and education and also the parent having a unique name.
7. Explain how an “audit study” is used to determine whether having a very “white” name
or a very “black” name matters.
They would send in a resume of two people with a white name and another with a black. then see who gets the call back first.
8. Are the results of audit studies regarding the effects of a person’s name on that person’s
prospects for success reliable? If not,why not?
The test works well. Someone with a name like "Diamond" or something else has a lower chance of getting a call and they didnt get calls because they were assumed to be bad workers.
9. According to the analysis of the California names data,does a person with a distinctively black
name have,on average,a worse life outcome than a person with a distinctively white name?
If so,is it the fault of the name? If not,explain what the data are telling us.
The reason they have the name is because they were currently living in a bad area. So most likely they just stayed in the bad area.
10.Is there a discernible pattern in how certain names move through the population over time?
If so,describe it.
Names will start out as nice, and slowly move their way down the food chain.
11.Is a low-income parent more likely to choose the name of a celebrity or the child of an
upper-income family for his/her own child.Why?
Upper income because they saw the result of that person and want that for their child.
12.According to the California names data,what are many parents trying to signal when they
choose a particular name for their child?
People will choose a name depending on how successful they think their child will be.
1. Certain names end up with a successful future, others don't and some are right in the middle. It isn't an accurate study because there is no 'real' way to tell.
ReplyDelete2. He wanted to see if very common "black" names were part of african americans being unsuccessful in life.
3. The data is a list of the "blackest and whitest" names, mother's names and education. They could see how these people end up 20 years later and see who was more successful.
4. Before the 70s 'black' names and 'white' names weren't distinguishable, after then there were more split.
5. The black power movement caused blacks to want to stand out more, hence the uniqueness in their names.
6. A single, under-wage, low-income, teenage mom from a "black" neighborhood who has a distinctively "black" name herself is more likely to give her child an unique name.
7. A racist interviewer will pick someone who is white over someone who is black, especially if they have a 'black' name.
8. Yes, the interview may not only judge by race, but even by name.
9. Yes, although it is not because of their name, it's because of their background.
10. Over time a name might become more popular within a certain race because it is ONLY popular in that certain race.
11. A parent might choose to name their kid after a celebrity because they think they will have a better life/be more successful.
12. Parents are trying to choose a name that they think will cause them to be more successful.
@jon i think it would be helpful for you to give some examples of names that parents may choose to make their kids more successful
ReplyDelete@ryan i like how you said "or uneeqqe. I also liked that you gave an example of a name people use
1. Winner Lane, and Temptress didn’t have successful lives. Winner ended up being a criminal, and Temptress found her way into family court. Loser Lane, on the other hand, led a very successful life. This shows that your name really doesn’t relate to your success in life
ReplyDelete2.Roland was just trying to see if black culture was to blame for their economic disparity, or if the economic gap between blacks and whites was to blame
3.The California birth certificate because it shows economist’s a large amount of information. It shows race, gender, martial status, payment to the hospital, etc. All this information can help lead to the economic status of a family or a race as a whole.
4.This data shows that before the 1970s there was a great overlap in names given to both black and white children. Since then, that gap has continuously grown larger.
5.Many names that are given to blacks are highly unique. More than 40 percent of baby black girls in California are given a name that not one of roughly 100,00 baby white girls are given that year.
6. A black parent who might give their child a unique name is more likely to be un-married, low income, teenage mother from a black neighborhood
7. In these audits, a researcher will send out to identical fake resumes. They send one to a white person with a traditional name, and one to a person with an immigrant-sounding name. They do this to see how a name might sound on an application, or to potential employers.
8. The results are reliable when trying to see if a person’s name shows their prospects for success. They can’t see whether there is any background information that would affect the success that someone might have.
9. A person with a distinctively black name, on average, is less successful then a person with a distinctively white name. It’s not because of the name, but it shows that people with distinctively black names probably had a lower economic status that those with white names.
10.Yes, there is a pattern that appears. Parents with a higher education give their child a name that sounds highly educated. Once that name becomes common with higher-class people, it then becomes more common with lower class people.
11. A lower class parent is more likely to choose a higher class sounding name because it makes their child sound more successful.
12. Many parents are trying to choose a name that will make their child seem successful. They also might choose a name depending on how successful they want their child to be.
@John Webster II-I disagree. I personally thought that this chapter demonstrated how names have no correlation with your success in life.
ReplyDelete@Quentin Pruneau-Your answers were a little hard to understand. If your gave more info or restated the question, it'd be easier to understand
Is Casino Slots a Scam or Safe Casino? | Dr. MD
ReplyDeleteCasino Slots (also 예스 벳 known as the 동두천 출장안마 “Live”), a social 거제 출장마사지 casino that creates excitement 광양 출장샵 and excitement. 구미 출장샵 With its unique, dynamic,